转述
By mode, I mean the modifications of substance, or that which exists in another and is conceived through another.
部分论断以英文显示,因为尚无经审校的最新译文。
By mode, I mean the modifications of substance, or that which exists in another and is conceived through another.
Modes are the dependent beings — everything that is not substance itself.
样态在独立性方面是实体的对立面。实体"在自身之中",而样态始终"在他物之中"。你的身体、你此刻的想法、海中的这个特定波浪——它们每一个都是某种更根本之物的一种构形方式。样态不能自身独立地被理解;你总是必须追溯到它所变状的那个东西。
样态是在他物之中存在并通过他物被理解的东西。
如果样态始终在实体"之中",那是否意味着样态比实体的实在性更低,还是只是以不同的方式实在?