转述
By God, I mean a being absolutely infinite — that is, a substance consisting of infinite attributes, each of which expresses eternal and infinite essentiality.
部分论断以英文显示,因为尚无经审校的最新译文。
By God, I mean a being absolutely infinite — that is, a substance consisting of infinite attributes, each of which expresses eternal and infinite essentiality.
"Absolutely infinite" means no attribute that expresses reality can be denied of it.
这不是一个人格化创造者的定义。斯宾诺莎的神是被推到绝对极限的实体:它具有一切可能的属性,每一个在其自身种类中都是无限的。关键词是"绝对"——不是仅在一个方面无限(如一条无尽的线),而是在每一个方面都无限,不缺乏任何形式的实在性。这个定义是一枚逻辑炸弹:一旦你连同先前的定义接受了它,一元论就几乎不可避免。
神是绝对无限的实体,由无限属性构成,每一属性表达永恒无限的本质。
斯宾诺莎为什么坚持说"绝对"无限而不仅仅是"无限"?没有这一区分会失去什么?